当中国黄金需求下降之后
关键词:中国黄金需求
当黄金抵押贷款曝光后,中国的黄金需求今年将会随着给影子银行踩刹车而冷却下来。此外,随着金融改革持续推进,中国的机构投资者和散户也将逐渐改变观念,在投资方面,黄金会面临来自人民币的竞争。
与其他大宗商品类似,近几年,“中国因素”一直是驱动贵金属交易和对价格形成支撑的重要因素。尤其是去年中国超过印度,成为全球最大黄金消费国后,中国题材更成为不少投资者看高后市所必然提及的原因。不过,虽然“中国大妈”在交易中前仆后继,把自己的存款塞入市场,但面对强大的下行火力,国际金价在过去12个月里一直被牢牢压制在每盎司1420美元以下。
在经历长达10多年的牛市后,黄金市场从去年4月开始进入深度调整期,而现在调整仍然没有结束。面对市场上的种种不确定性,中国旺盛的需求在不少投资者看来,已经是为数不多的确凿因素,而且他们也对此找出了种种证据。比如:中国日益壮大的中产阶级、选择有限的投资渠道、文化传统遗留的投资习惯等。
世界黄金协会发布的4月份报告显示,在2013年中国进口的黄金中,大约有1000吨黄金可能被企业用作获得融资的贷款抵押品。在这条产业链里,黄金加工企业用保税仓库中存放的进口黄金作为抵押品,从银行获得一份信用证,再用信用证从离岸银行申请一笔美元贷款。这笔美元贷款随后被兑换成人民币,转投到国内高收益的金融工具里,这些交易通过贷款应付利率的利差来获利。
在高盛看来,由于黄金的价值密度较高、票据市场完善和保存期限长,因此,黄金是大宗商品融资交易一个不错的选择。而中国市场的黄金需求,目前已经成为人民币套利交易的一个渠道,在套利交易中使用黄金,则意味着中国消费者对实物黄金的需求,根本不像此前所认为的那样旺盛。近两年,中国对黄金的边际需求增长,更多地是与不断膨胀的影子银行业相关,而非“中国大妈”所代表的实物黄金买盘,还有多数的投资者是涌入到贵金属投资当中。
全印度宝石和珠宝贸易联盟公布的数据显示,2014年上半年,印度黄金进口量预计为150吨,远低于上年同期的650吨。
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本文来源: 大田环球贵金属
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