CPI資料明顯走低,更嚴重還在後面
關鍵字:CPI資料明顯走低
美國在近日公佈的3月CPI通脹資料明顯走低,3月季調後CPI資料創下近三年以來的i修年底,同時物價持續上漲,經濟低米的趨勢延續,而美聯儲目前關注重點為經濟增長、就業率和通脹情況,市場分析疫情將對美國經濟造成巨大的打擊。
美國3月未季調CPI年率錄得1.50%,不及預期值0.1個百分點,大幅低於前值的2.3%;3月未季調核心CPI年率錄得2.10%,分別不及預期值0.2個百分點,不及前值0.3個百分點。
美聯儲官員在過去十年中近乎苦口婆心地向市場保證,將核心個人消費支出價格指數(PCE)提高到2%仍然是政策目標。之所以反復強調這一點,是因為物價上行壓力一直低於目標。美聯儲官員關注的重點是經濟增長、就業率和通脹水準。
CPI無論年率還是月率,長期平均水準通常較PCE高出0.25-0.5個百分點。在最近的二十多年裡,通貨膨脹一值都不是美國經濟面臨的威脅。自2008年金融危機以來,物價下行壓力一直在蔓延,經濟學家雖然很少預見,但仍普遍擔心可能出現通縮。
在當前新冠病毒大流行的背景下,由於大量工作崗位和消費需求遭到破壞,美聯儲週四還加強了緊急應對措施,推出一項覆蓋範圍廣泛、規模達2.3萬億美元的救助計畫,以支持處於抗疫前線的地方政府,並為中小企業紓困。
這是美聯儲迄今為保護美國經濟免受新冠疫情衝擊而採取的最大膽的舉措。美聯儲此前已將聯邦基金利率區間下限降至零,並啟動無限量購債計畫,增加美元流動性,以應對現金短缺局面。
最近幾周美聯儲、國會及特朗普政府相繼批准了數萬億美元刺激計畫,支撐經濟“安然”度過疫情並在危機後重啟。抗疫期間全球各央行都在努力為經濟兜底。
諸多社交疏離舉措的實施,導致數百萬人面臨失業威脅,或者眼見幾周前仍然繁盛的商業活動,隨著經濟停擺而被推到倒閉的邊緣。
危機導致的美國經濟突然停滯,毀掉的工作崗位數量可能超過450萬。到2021年底,這些崗位中將恢復不到200萬個,這將使未來21個月的失業率超過6%,對勞動力市場造成巨大衝擊。
本文來源: 大田環球貴金屬
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