亚洲三大金融中心争相推出黄金交易
关键词:黄金定价权
亚洲三大金融中心将分别推出黄金合约交易,所有合约均以实物黄金作为基础资产。
今年9月在上海自贸区挂牌的上海黄金交易所提供人民币计价的黄金合约,该合约以存放在上海的实物黄金为基础资产。本周,新加坡将推出自己的黄金合约。在芝加哥和纽约经营交易所的芝加哥商业交易所控股公司计划今年晚些时候在香港推出美元计价合约。
在美国和欧洲,投资者购买黄金通常是为对冲消费价格上涨的风险。但在通胀迹象寥寥无几的情况下,黄金价格自3月份以来下跌了10%,自2012年底以来下跌了三分之一。
在亚洲,黄金仍然是很受欢迎的保值工具,黄金首饰、金条和金币需求旺盛。世界黄金协会称,2013年中国的黄金需求增至近1,300吨,较5年前增加160%;不过该协会预计今年需求至多是持平。同期内印度黄金需求增加50%,至975吨。
中国现在是全球最大的黄金生产国和消费国,也是最大的进口国,因为国内需求已经超出了供应。印度也是一个重要的黄金消费国和进口国。世界黄金协会称,全球黄金购买量中有三分之二来自亚洲。
不过,很多观察人士称,亚洲可能很难取代伦敦作为全球黄金交易中心的地位。一个主要原因是,中国禁止金块出口,称国内产量需要用于满足本地需求。
这意味着当中国国内金价高于伦敦市场价格时,黄金可以流入中国;但当金价低于伦敦市场价格时,却不能流出中国。中国的严格管制限制了资本的流动。
在黄金期货交易方面,纽约商交所Comex分部占主导。上海和新加坡的黄金期货合约均以黄金实物交易为后盾,而香港也计划推出黄金期货合约。
亚洲在努力争取本地黄金定价权,目前尚未成功。2010年新加坡交易所推出过一种黄金期货,但后来由于投资者兴趣不大而打了黯然收场。
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本文来源: 大田环球贵金属
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