美聯儲維持當前狀況,鴿派程度遠超預期
關鍵字:鴿派程度遠超預期
3月17日,美聯儲公佈最新的3月利率決議,美聯儲維持當前利率不變,符合市場預期,但從美聯儲決議生命上看,美聯儲措辭偏向鴿派,在決議公佈後,現貨黃金短線跳升,美元指數出現明顯下跌。
美聯儲在政策聲明中強調,疫情繼續對經濟前景構成相當大的風險,總體金融狀況仍保持寬鬆。受疫情影響最嚴重的行業依然疲軟。經濟發展路徑將在很大程度上取決於疫情的進程,包括接種疫苗的進展。
政策方面,美聯儲保持購債速度,將超額準備金利率(IOER)維持在0.1%不變。每月資產購買規模為1200億美元。美聯儲重申,如果出現可能阻礙美聯儲目標實現的風險,美聯儲將準備適當調整貨幣政策立場。
分析指出,美聯儲3月政策決議措辭整體基調偏向謹慎,雖然承認經濟環境改善,但著重指出當前疫情狀況仍對經濟前景構成巨大威脅,並刻意淡化了疫苗普及應用帶來的效果,這使得美元多頭勢頭短線受到打壓。
鮑威爾近幾周多次表示,當看到美國經濟復蘇“進一步取得實質性進展”之後,美聯儲才會開始考慮縮減每個月不少於1200億美元的資產購買規模。這與1月貨幣政策會議後美聯儲發表的聲明立場一致。
美聯儲上次公佈經濟預測以來的三個月中,發生了許多事情,包括大規模的財政刺激措施和疫苗加速接種。這在交易員對利率的預期與央行所暗示的未來幾年政策行動之間產生了越來越大的鴻溝。
更好的經濟前景提高了市場對於未來通貨膨脹的預期,促使投資者拋售債券並推高收益率,並再次引發外界對美聯儲能在其所暗示時期裏將利率保持低位的懷疑。
媒體調查中有75%的經濟學家表示,美聯儲將不得不在2023年底之前加息。利率期貨則顯示,在該年年底之前美聯儲大約會實施三次25個基點的加息。
分析師表示,這是一個在某種程度上渴望時間表指導的市場,而美聯儲則將其政策設置為以結果為基礎,堅定承諾減碼時間表還為時過早,但是如果顯示出2023年加息的預期,至少可以給市場某種印象。
本文來源: 大田環球貴金屬
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