金矿
关键字：金矿
金矿指的是给予人们开采并加工具有一定黄金含量的矿物集结体。
产金国如南非、俄罗斯、加拿大、美国、中国和澳洲等地的黄金开采是全世界增加黄金供给的唯一来源。在十九世纪之前，被开采的黄金数量仍不多，数千年来仅累计不到1万吨的数量。不过到了十九世纪之后，光是这一个十九被开采出的黄金数量就达到了1.15万吨，是十八世纪的57.5倍，显示黄金开采的技术与规模皆有大幅度的增长。进入二十世纪之后，黄金的产量更是大幅度的增加，从早期的每年700吨，到1980年代黄金产量首度突破2,000吨，黄金的供给量也呈现大幅度的增加。时至今日，目前全球黄金的开采状况大致呈现平稳的趋势，每年矿产黄金开采量约在2,500吨左右为主。而全球已开采出的黄金总量大约有16.8万吨，成为市场上的主要流动量。
中国已经连续三年位居世界黄金产量首位。2009年中国黄金产量首次突破300吨，达到313.98吨，较2008年产量的285吨增加10.16%，与2001年时相较，产量更已明显增加了62%，成为目前全球黄金矿藏的重要供给来源。
在黄金价格不变之下，若开采黄金的成本增加，则将减少产金企业的的盈余；若是成本增加的速度过快，企业无法快速转移成本，则将影响黄金的产出量。目前全世界的黄金企业成本都在增加，由于过去黄金开采的深度皆为接近地表或较易开采之处，故人工与开采成本较低，但近年来则大幅增加，造成黄金企业的开采意愿呈现降低的趋势，而且黄金供给的数量减少，对于金价来说也是利多，黄金企业反而有机会提升自身的获利性。当黄金生产成本走高之际，金价也同步走高。
本文来源： 大田环球贵金属
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