贴现率是什么意思
关键词：贴现率是什么意思？
贴现率是什么意思？贴现率指的是贴现的比率。贴现指的是银行承兑汇票的持票人在汇票到期日前，为了取得资金，贴付一定利息将票据权利转让给银行的票据行为，是持票人向银行融通资金的一种方式。
贴现对持票人来说是出让票据，提前收回垫支于商业信用的货币资金；对贴现公司或银行来说则是向持票人提供银行信用。银行根据市场利率以及票据的信誉程度规定一个贴现率，计算出贴现日至票据到期日的贴现利息。
贴现利息=票据面额X贴现率X票据到期期限
持票人在贴付利息之后，就可以从银行取得等于票面金额减去贴现利息后的余额的现金，票据的所有权则归银行。票据到期时，银行凭票向出票人兑取现款，如遭拒付，可向背书人索取票款。票据贴现按不同的层次可分为贴现和再贴现两种，商业银行对工商企业的票据贴现业务称贴现，中央银行对商业银行已贴现的未到期工商企业票据再次贴现，称再贴现或重贴现。贴现率是受市场资金供求状况变化而自发形成的，再贴现率则是由中央银行规定的。
贴现率=（票面金额-利息）/票面金额X100%
贴现率政策是西方国家的主要货币政策。中央银行通过变动贴现率来调节货币供给量和利息率，从而促使经济扩张或收缩。 当需要控制通货膨胀时，中央银行提高贴现率，这样，商业银行就会减少向中央银行的借款，商业银行的准备金就会减少，而商业银行的利息将得到提高，从而导致货币供给量减少。
当经济萧条时，银行就会增加向中央银行的借款，从而准备金增加，利息率下降，扩大了货币供给量，由此起到稳定经济的作用。但如果银行已经拥有可供贷款的充足的储备金，则降低贴现率对刺激放款和投资也许不太有效。中央银行的再贴现率确定了商业银行贷款利息的下限。
本文来源： 大田环球贵金属
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