美国物价指数低迷,加拿大GDP降幅超预期
关键词:美国物价指数低迷
5月29日,美国公布了4月PCE物价指数数据,数据年率表现低于市场预期,同时其他数据也低于市场预期,但影响力较小,一系列数据公布后,现货黄金小幅度上涨,同时加拿大GDP数据的降幅超出市场预期。
市场人士担忧,鉴于全球央行为应对新冠危机所采取的刺激措施规模,世界可能将面临通货膨胀的“地狱”。然而,分析师们却认为,美国目前不太可能受通胀困扰,反而新兴市场国家更有可能面临通胀风险。
分析指出,货币需求是决定印钞是否会导致通货膨胀的关键因素。当货币需求稳定时,央行可以大量印钞也不会引发失控的通货膨胀;但当货币需求不稳定时,印钞通常会导致货币挤兑和极高的通货膨胀。
分析指出,当前美元的货币需求依然十分旺盛,因此印钞不太可能导致美国通胀。美联储资产负债表的大幅扩张,是货币需求激增的结果。面对大规模限制措施及没有收入的前景,家庭和企业纷纷向银行贷款,以确保他们能够获得在此期间用于支付必需品和运营费用的美元。
市场分析美国4月个人支出数据指出,美国4月个人支出月率录得-13.6%(纪录最大降幅),虽然在3月大幅下挫后市场预期4月数据会更糟糕,但实际数据依然令人震惊,反映了商品和服务同步下降。但在个人支出环比大幅下降的同时,收入却环比激增了10.5%(纪录最大增幅),这可能反映了大规模的政府转移支付。如果不确定性迫使人们渴望更多储蓄,则需关注这一点是否会对消费者支出产生持久影响。
由于加拿大第一季度和3月GDP数据仅涵盖了封锁期的开始阶段,对于 加元而言没有多少信息价值,无法反映出市场的担忧情绪。
加拿大央行不急于调升利率。加拿大央行行长波洛兹在最近的讲话中说,政策框架具足够灵活性,可容许通胀率更缓慢回升至2%的央行目标。目前创新低的利率水平不太可能马上回升。
加拿大央行官员也认为,全球疫情造成的需求下降将超过对供应方面的影响,从而对物价构成下行压力。加拿大央行副行长连恩表示,央行认为,一旦与疫情相关的封闭措施解除,通胀可能会面临下行压力。这暗示加拿大央行不急于调升利率。
本文来源: 大田环球贵金属
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