美联储既要坚持独立底线,又要安抚特朗普
关键词:美联储安抚特朗普
市场预料美联储将联邦基金利率维持原有不变,同时在今年剩余时间内可能保持不变。但当前市场预期美联储年底前降息的概率为65%,同时鲍威尔今年要如何避开可能引发市场过度看好经济前景的措辞,还要避免惹恼白宫。而特朗普也多次要求美联储降息。
让分析师最感兴趣的是,鲍威尔新闻发布会上字斟句酌的细微差别。他肯定会被问及降息的可能性,以应对长时间低于官方目标的通胀率。当前市场预期美联储年底前降息概率近65%。
分析师表示,实质上美联储主席必须展现走钢丝的高超技艺,“如果鲍威尔听起来过于乐观,或引发市场担忧,下一步行动是加息;如果鲍威尔强调通胀走低,等于暗示降息已并不遥远。由于当前市场预期下一步行动将会是降息。”
最近公布的数据显示,美国核心PCE物价指数年率仅为1.6%,远离美联储设定的2%官方目标。包括副主席克拉里达在内的不少美联储官员均表示,他们也认为通胀预期接近令人不安的低水平。
美联储固然不可能降息,但市场预期,美联储可能会将向银行存放在美联储的超额准备金计付利息所执行的利率下调5个基点,以防联邦基金利率走高。这将是继去年6月和12月下调之后,第三次对超额准备金利率(IOER)进行此类“技术性”调整。
最近几周,联邦基金的有效利率已超过IOER,达到了2.44%。这听起来虽然没啥大不了的,但美联储更希望利率回到区间中值附近,通过降低IOER可以更好驾驭基金利率。
美国总统特朗普周二向美联储发动最新一轮攻势,称如果美联储降息,美国经济可能“像火箭一样一飞冲天”。
他在推特上谈到美国经济首季增长率时表示:“我们有潜力像火箭一样一飞冲天,如果我们稍稍降息,比如说一个点,并采取一些量化宽松举措。我们的表现非常好,国内生产总值(GDP)增幅达到3.2%,但是我们的通胀率偏低,这一点非常棒,我们可以创造很多重要纪录;同时,让我们的国家债务开始看起来没那么庞大!”
本文来源: 大田环球贵金属
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