美联储换届班子应该如何期待
2018年,现任美联储主席耶伦将卸任,鲍威尔将出任新的美联储主席。此外,美联储公开市场委员会将有两名新成员。货币政策起初将维持现状,但新的美联储主席及新成员如何调整货币政策以适应美国经济的变化值得关注。其次,需密切关注美联储加息与通胀低迷之间的脱节。是通胀最终上行达到美联储的预期?还是美联储必须停止目前的加息周期来迎合低通胀环境?
2017年,美联储继续逐渐收紧货币政策,在3月、6月和12月分别加息。此外,美联储也开始缩减资产负债表。首先,鲍威尔将担任新的美联储主席。实际上,鲍威尔和现任美联储主席耶伦的背景很不同。
货币政策起初将维持现状,但新的美联储主席及新成员如何调整货币政策以适应美国经济的变化值得关注。其次,需密切关注美联储加息与通胀低迷之间的脱节。这一脱节在2018年将得到解决。是通胀最终上行达到美联储的预期?还是美联储必须停止目前的加息周期来迎合低通胀环境?
首先,预计美国及全球经济持续的动能将对通胀前景带来价格压力;其次,我们预计劳动力市场将继续改善,并认为这会最终带来更高的薪资,这会进一步让美国物价承压;此外,我们也预计大宗商品将继续上行。最后,特朗普政府通过的税改可能会引发美国经济通胀上行,尤其是美国经济已经增长强劲并接近满负荷运作。因此,这一额外的财政刺激可能会对物价造成压力。
鉴于美国经济增长、美联储以及通胀前景,乌龟资本顾问公司认为,2018年美国将适度上调利率。预计10年期国债收益率将从目前的2.4%上升至2.75%。
首先,全球经济增长改善——注意,经济改善的不只是在美国,而是全球。很长时间以来,第一次出现经济增速的同步上涨,这将对美国利率施压。
此外,金融危机以后的宽松货币政策逐渐转向全球紧缩性的货币政策。很明显,美国已经开始了这一过程,但货币政策收紧将对利率构成上行压力。
最后是通胀前景。上面已经提到过,乌龟资本顾问公司预计通胀将逐渐攀升,这将是上调利率的另一个因素。
本文来源: 大田环球贵金属
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