欧洲央行宽松大招“震惊四座”
欧洲央行周四(12月8日)宣布推出特别的第三轮量化宽松(QE):延长QE至2017年12月,但从4月起购债规模减少200亿元。消息公布之后,全球金融市场上演惊险“过山车”行情:欧元先扬后抑,自利率决议公布之后触及的日高大幅回落逾250点;美元指数走势恰好相反,在跌破100关口之后急剧反弹先后击穿100和101两大关口;德股走出深“V”反弹行情;欧洲债券市场走势分化,长债与短债走势相反,且走势均很快发生了逆转。
欧洲央行今日决定将主要再融资操作和隔夜贷款工具、隔夜存款工具利率分别保持在0.00%、0.25%和负0.40%不变。
管委会仍预计在一段相当长的时期内,并且是远超过资产购买计划的实施期限,欧洲央行的主要利率都会保持住目前或更低的水平。
至于非传统货币政策措施,管委会决定资产购买计划(APP)继续执行每月800亿欧元的购买额度,一直到2017年3月底。
如果有必要,从2017年4月起,净资产购买会继续下去,每月额度为600亿欧元,一直到2017年12月末,或超越这个期限,直至管委会认为通胀路径持续向目标水平调整。
与此同时,如果前景变得不太有利,或金融条件与通胀持续调整的进展不符,管委会计划在规模和/或持续期限两方面扩大该资产购买计划。
随后21时30分,欧洲央行行长德拉基在记者会上提供了更多的细节:从2017年1月起,欧洲央行将调整QE的参数,债券期限将包含1-30年期,将购买收益率低于存款机制利率的债券。
不过德拉基补充道,买入低于存款利率的债券是一个选项,并非是必须的。此外德拉基称,欧洲央行将保持提高通胀所需的刺激。如有必要,准备好采取权限内的一切工具。
德拉基认为,经济增长前景偏向下行,预计2017年GDP增速为1.7%,此前预期为1.6%;预计2017年通胀预期为1.3%,此前预期为1.2%。他说现在的通胀前景与启动QE时相似,但通缩风险大部分已消失,欧洲央行将缩紧是毫无疑问的,不过尚未讨论将QE规模减至0。
德拉基指出,欧央行这次释放的信号是,他们没有在减码,而且眼前尚未考虑减码,购债将会继续,如有必要,购债规模可以再次增至800亿欧元。德拉基说道:“为了应对欧元区经济增长和通胀迫在眉睫的风险,欧洲央行依然是务实且灵活的。缩减QE是购债规模逐渐降至零的过程,不过目前尚未讨论将QE规模减至0……欧洲央行将维持极度宽松的货币政策。”
本文来源: 大田环球贵金属
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