审计署揭黄金骗贷案
关键词:黄金融资骗贷
中国审计署对国有金融机构的审计报告显示,发现银行有3750亿元人民币贷款投放存在问题,并首次揭露了25家黄金加工企业的虚假贸易,骗贷规模接近千亿元。
今年初,与铜融资、铁矿石融资类似的“黄金融资”进入人们的视野,4月,世界黄金协会报告显示,中国进口的黄金中,很大一部分用来作为企业用以获得融资的贷款抵押品。
关于中国金融资的规模,国际金融机构的估计值大致在400-600亿美元范围内。
贵金属咨询公司的一份研究报告显示,截至2013年底,中国黄金融资规模已经达到1000吨,名义价值相当于400亿美元。这份报告称:“黄金融资主要是从2011年开始出现并逐渐累积起来的,当时黄金在中国越来越多地被用于金融相关操作中,是各种融资方式的一个基础。而与此同时,中国也进口了大量的实物黄金。”
而著名黄金机构高盛则估计,2010年以来,通过商品贸易融资活动流入中国的热钱约810亿~1600亿美元,占了中国外汇短期借款(1年期以下)的约31%。在这些交易中,黄金、铜和铁矿石是三种主要的融资商品。高盛估计中国金融资的规模约在600亿美元左右。
更值得注意的是,中国和香港的黄金贸易额2009年不到50亿美元暴增至2013年的接近700亿美元,高盛认为其主要是受黄金贸易融资的驱动,中国用于贸易融资的黄金价值远超铜融资。
5月底,青岛港因大宗商品贸易融资骗贷问题遭到清查,大宗商品融资已成为中国影子银行的重要组成部分。如果确实存在大量的仓单欺诈行为,那将导致出现一系列信贷紧缩与违约的连锁反应。此前以铜、铁矿石等大宗商品库存为抵押品进行融资成为了国内许多企业获得低成本融资的主要渠道。
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本文来源: 大田环球贵金属
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