美聯儲既要堅持獨立底線,又要安撫特朗普
關鍵字:美聯儲安撫特朗普
市場預料美聯儲將聯邦基金利率維持原有不變,同時在今年剩餘時間內可能保持不變。但當前市場預期美聯儲年底前降息的概率為65%,同時鮑威爾今年要如何避開可能引發市場過度看好經濟前景的措辭,還要避免惹惱白宮。而特朗普也多次要求美聯儲降息。
讓分析師最感興趣的是,鮑威爾新聞發佈會上字斟句酌的細微差別。他肯定會被問及降息的可能性,以應對長時間低於官方目標的通脹率。當前市場預期美聯儲年底前降息概率近65%。
分析師表示,實質上美聯儲主席必須展現走鋼絲的高超技藝,“如果鮑威爾聽起來過於樂觀,或引發市場擔憂,下一步行動是加息;如果鮑威爾強調通脹走低,等於暗示降息已並不遙遠。由於當前市場預期下一步行動將會是降息。”
最近公佈的數據顯示,美國核心PCE物價指數年率僅為1.6%,遠離美聯儲設定的2%官方目標。包括副主席克拉裏達在內的不少美聯儲官員均表示,他們也認為通脹預期接近令人不安的低水準。
美聯儲固然不可能降息,但市場預期,美聯儲可能會將向銀行存放在美聯儲的超額準備金計付利息所執行的利率下調5個基點,以防聯邦基金利率走高。這將是繼去年6月和12月下調之後,第三次對超額準備金利率(IOER)進行此類“技術性”調整。
最近幾周,聯邦基金的有效利率已超過IOER,達到了2.44%。這聽起來雖然沒啥大不了的,但美聯儲更希望利率回到區間中值附近,通過降低IOER可以更好駕馭基金利率。
美國總統特朗普週二向美聯儲發動最新一輪攻勢,稱如果美聯儲降息,美國經濟可能“像火箭一樣一飛沖天”。
他在推特上談到美國經濟首季增長率時表示:“我們有潛力像火箭一樣一飛沖天,如果我們稍稍降息,比如說一個點,並採取一些量化寬鬆舉措。我們的表現非常好,國內生產總值(GDP)增幅達到3.2%,但是我們的通脹率偏低,這一點非常棒,我們可以創造很多重要紀錄;同時,讓我們的國家債務開始看起來沒那麼龐大!”
本文來源: 大田環球貴金屬
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