印度贸易部长称应考虑黄金储备货币化
关键字：黄金储备
路透社8月29日报导，印度贸易部长Anand Sharma在接受国会答询时表示，印度央行应考虑将黄金储备货币化，藉以应对经常帐赤字攀高以及卢比的大幅贬值；不过由于事涉央行权责，Sharma并未详细说明其是单指央行的黄金储备，抑或将扩及民间持有的黄金，也并未表达更多实行的细节。
印度经常帐赤字接近900亿美元，居全球第三大，很大一部分受到黄金进口增加的影响，因此印度政府已经推出包括上调进口关税等多项措施来抑制黄金的消费。印度卢比自今年五月以来的贬值幅度则居主要货币之冠，这也导致印度的国内金价已经再度创下历史新高。印度历来是最大的黄金消费国，民间的黄金储量丰富，根据不同的估计，印度民间藏金至少在1.2万吨以上，孟买黄金协会则称印度民间所持有的黄金高达2.5万吨；相比之下，印度央行的黄金储备则不及400公吨。
中国社会科学院副院长李扬此前表示，黄金恐怕不可能再货币化，称价格不稳定是其不能重新成为货币的重要原因。李扬认为，黄金很难再货币化的原因主要有五方面：一是全球黄金产量不足，跟不上经济生产和交易的需要；二是国家间严重分配不均；三是价格不稳定，货币政策第一要务是要稳定价格；四是要以黄金为基础建立货币体系，可能加大经济周期的波动性；五是黄金作为货币难以自主调控社会经济发展。
黄金非货币化是在第二次世界大战后美元危机频繁爆发、以美元-黄金为中心的国际货币体系崩溃后所产生的。战后初期，由于美国黄金储备充足，国际收支大量顺差，美元汇率稳定，黄金价格基本上能够维持在国际货币体系所规定的官价上，黄金在一定程度上保持着世界货币的地位。金本位崩溃后，美国竭力主张削弱乃至取消黄金在国际货币体系中的作用，贯彻实行黄金非货币化。
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本文来源： 大田环球贵金属
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