黄金期货保证金
关键字：黄金期货保证金
交易人在进入黄金期货交易所之前，必须要在经纪人那里开个户头。交易人要与经纪人签定有关合同，承担支付保证金的义务。如果交易失效，经纪人有权立即平仓，交易人要承担有关损失。当交易人炒黄金期货时，无需支付合同的全部金额，而只需支付其中的一定数量(即保证金)作为经纪人操作交易的保障，一般将保证金定在黄金交易总额的10%左右。保证金是对合约持有者信心的保证，合约的最终结果要么以实物交割，要么在合约到期前作相反买卖平仓。
保证金一般分为三个层次：
一是初级保证金(Initial Margin)。这是开期货交易时，经纪人要求客户为每份合同缴纳的最低保证金。
二是长期保证金(Maintenance Margin)。这是客户必须始终保有的储备金金额。
长期保证金有时需要客户提供追加的保证金。追加的保证金是当市场变化朝交易商头寸相反方向运动时，经纪人要求支付的维持其操作和平衡的保证金。如果市场价格朝交易商头寸有利的方向运动时，超过保证金的部分即权益或收益，交易商也可要求将款项提出，或当作另外黄金期货交易的初始定金。
三是应变和盈亏的保证金(Variation Margin)。 清算客户按每个交易日结果向交易所的清算机构所支付的保证金，用来抵偿客户在期货交易中不利的价格走势而造成的损失。
本文来源： 大田环球贵金属
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