黄金如何为国家避险
关键字：黄金如何为国家避险
黄金具有货币支付的国家职能，当国家出现银根紧缩、货币流通紧缺时，持有黄金的经济主体可通过出售黄金，或用黄金兑换美元，改善和增强支付能力、同时应付通膨和经济危机，我国在上世纪50年代帝国主义封锁时期，三年困难时期和“六四”以后的制裁时期，都曾用黄金换取外汇以解燃眉之急。
在亚洲金融危机中，韩国在国际清偿力受到市场普遍怀疑、韩元持续下跌的情况下，为拯救迅速减少的外汇储备，政府就动员公民将金条和黄金制品变卖给银行换取韩元，共收集黄金约250吨，价值超过20亿美元，有效缓解了外汇储备危机。
黄金是稀有贵金属，其流通性、变现性及保值性很强。从国家储备多元化的角度看，黄金可以很好地避免货币贬值带来的风险，不管是内部风险（通货膨胀）还是外部风险（汇率风险）都十分有效。因此黄金是国际公认的国家储备资产和战略资源，攸关一国的金融安全、经济安全乃至于国家安全。
1997年泰国金融危机，投资者和居民的反应都是买黄金避险，以至使泰国国内的黄金短期价格上涨了7.2％。越南、俄罗斯也用实践证明了贵金属交易市场中的黄金投资这一重要作用。
本文来源： 大田环球贵金属
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