伦敦金市场的存在需求有哪些
关键字:伦敦金市场的存在需求有哪些
1、用于国际储备。这是由黄金的货币属性决定的。由于黄金的优良特性,历史上黄金充当货币的职能,如价值尺度、流通手段,储藏手段,支付手段和世界货币。随着社会经济的发展,国际金价已退出流通领域。二十世纪70年代以来黄金与美元脱钩后,黄金的货币职能也有所减弱,但仍保持一定的货币职能。目前许多国家,包括西方主要国家国际储备中,黄金价格仍占有相当重要的地位,美国及欧洲黄金储备为4.5%至6%之间,日本为3.5%,印度为1.6%,中国为1.3%(中国目前外汇储备金巳达10000亿美元)。各国官方的黄金储备主要作用是做为国际支付的准备金,一国黄金储备的多少与其外债偿付能力有密切关系。为了保持一定的黄金储备比例,各国中央银行及国际金融机构都会参与世界黄金市场的交易活动,其中日本、印度及中国都决定增加黄金储备量,中国准备从1.3%,增加至3%(大约170亿美元)。
2、用于珠宝装饰。华丽的黄金饰品一直是社会地位和财富的象征。
3、在工业与科学技术上的应用。由于黄金具备有独一无二的完美性质,这种性质是任何一种金属都不具备的。金的原子核具有较大捕获中子的有效截面;对红外线的反射能力接近100%;在金的合金中具有各种触媒性质;黄金还有良好的工艺性,极易加工成超薄金箔、微米金丝和金粉;黄金很容易镀到其它金属和陶器及玻璃的表面上,在一定压力下黄金容易被熔焊和锻焊;金可制成超导体与有机金等。正因为有这么多有益性质,使它被广泛用于最更要的现代高新技术产业中去,如电子技术、通讯技术、宇航技术、化工技术、医疗技术等。
4、投资需求也是黄金市场需求来源的重要部分。一方面,人们利用金价波动,进行伦敦金套利,另一方面,人们在不同条件下,可利用黄金与其他投资工具的对冲或互利特性,完善个人的理财组合。如当美元贬值、油价上升时,黄金需求量便会有所增加;如股市上涨,吸引大量资金,那么黄金需求可能会相应减少。
本文来源: 大田环球贵金属
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