消费者物价指数对金价的影响
关键字:消费者物价指数对金价的影响
消费者物价指数如何影响国际金价走势?消费者物价指数是一项衡量某个国家或货币联盟经济体的通胀水平指标,在不同的历史时期,消费者物价指数的高低值变动,对国际现货黄金价格的涨跌指引都有所不同。
一、消费者物价指数的定义
消费者物价指数的英文简称为CPI,又名居民消费价格指数(consumer price index)。它是反映出居民家庭一般所购买的消费商品和服务价格水平变动情况的宏观经济指标。消费者物价指数能够显示出当前经济处于通胀水平高低,因此它能够指引央行决策者分析当前经济状况、制定货币政策以及核算国民经济。
二、消费者物价指数对金价的影响
1、 消费者物价指数对金价的利好作用
(1)恶性通货膨胀
在出现恶性通货膨胀的历史时代或某个国家,消费者物价指数大幅走高,然而上涨步伐却远高于国内生产总值(GDP),说明消费商品以及服务价格水平升幅过高,央行加速印钞以应对物价上升风险,货币资产则被相应地贬值,跟随出现价值缩水的投资品种包括股票和债券等纸质资产项目,这时黄金的抗通胀保值效用将凸显其金融属性。
(2)非美国家CPI向好
国际金价以美元计价,在市场避险需求缺少情况下,金价走势通常表现为美元兑主要非美货币的汇率变动强弱,当主要非美国家如英国、日本CPI相较前值大幅向好或延续强势时,且无恶意通膨现象,那么英镑和日元均兑美元反弹或上行,美指将有所承压,由此利好金价。
(3)通缩风险
通缩风险指的是居民消费的商品或服务价格持续走弱,侧面反映人民消费意愿低,个人购买力减少,有可能是对经济发展前景展望悲观所致,在前期发生过一段时间的通膨危机之后,由于担忧后市再次出现物价过度上涨风险,因此人们更愿意把钱存放在银行,企业贷款活动也因金融泡沫破裂之后大幅降温,加上内需不振,经济发展失去前进动力,这将会引发市场避险需求,刺激黄金避险买盘增加。
2、 消费者物价指数对金价的利空作用
(1)良性通货膨胀
在这种通胀环境下,GDP能赶得上物价上涨水平,说明社会化大生产环境下的商品价格能符合广大人群的购买能力,说明经济发展处于上行轨道,提振货币资产价值,纸质资产如股票或债券价格均阶梯式上升,黄金保值魅力消退。
(2)美国CPI向好
当美国CPI逐渐接近美联储的通胀目标时,且其他经济指标也明显改善,美联储将改变加息路径,市场对联储加息预期增强,黄金做为零息资产的增持前景将受压,黄金投资情绪降温。
本文来源: 大田环球贵金属
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